Mumps Research Today is a free monthly online journal that collates and summarizes the latest research about Mumps, including details on symptoms, vaccine, adult, causes.

Antibody Induced by Immunization with the Jeryl Lynn Mumps Vaccine Strain Effectively Neutralizes a Heterologous Wild-Type Mumps Virus Associated with a Large Outbreak.

Rubin SA, Qi L, Audet SA, Sullivan B, Carbone KM, Bellini WJ, Rota PA, Sirota L, Beeler J

1Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, United States Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, Maryland; 2Department of Pediatrics, Marshfield Clinic, Marshfield, Wisconsin; 3Division of Viral Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.

Recent mumps outbreaks in older vaccinated populations were caused primarily by genotype G viruses, which are phylogenetically distinct from the genotype A vaccine strains used in the countries affected by the outbreaks. This finding suggests that genotype A vaccine strains could have reduced efficacy against heterologous mumps viruses. The remote history of vaccination also suggests that waning immunity could have contributed to susceptibility. To examine these issues, we obtained consecutive serum samples from children at different intervals after vaccination and assayed the ability of these samples to neutralize the genotype A Jeryl Lynn mumps virus vaccine strain and a genotype G wild-type virus obtained during the mumps outbreak that occurred in the United States in 2006. Although the geometric mean neutralizing antibody titers against the genotype G virus were approximately one-half the titers measured against the vaccine strain, and although titers to both viruses decreased with time after vaccination, antibody induced by immunization with the Jeryl Lynn mumps vaccine strain effectively neutralized the outbreak-associated virus at all time points tested.

Published 18 June 2008 in J Infect Dis.
Full-text of this article is available online (may require subscription).

Articles on Mumps published 9 June 2008:

Mumps vaccination coverage and vaccine effectiveness in a large outbreak among college students-Iowa, 2006.   Vaccine.

Following implementation of a routine childhood two-dose measles-mumps-rubella vaccination strategy, mumps disease levels dropped dramatically in the US and an elimination goal was set for 2010. However, a 2006 epidemic involved >5700 cases nationwide, with many reported among fully vaccinated college students. In an outbreak in two Iowa colleges, we investigated: (1) vaccination coverage using electronic records verified by provider records and (2) vaccine effectiveness assessed by ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Mumps published 6 June 2008:

MUSIDH, multiple use of simulated demographic histories, a novel method to reduce computation time in microsimulation models of infectious diseases.   Comput Methods Programs Biomed.

Microsimulation of infectious diseases requires simulation of many life histories of interacting individuals. In particular, relatively rare infections such as leprosy need to be studied in very large populations. Computation time increases disproportionally with the size of the simulated population. We present a novel method, MUSIDH, an acronym for multiple use of simulated demographic histories, to reduce computation time. Demographic history refers to the processes of birth, death and all ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Barriers to vaccination among Japanese medical students: focus group interviews.   Pediatr Int, 50(3): 300-5.

BACKGROUND: To date, medical schools and clinical training hospitals in Japan that require students to show immunity for measles, mumps, rubella, varicella (chickenpox), and hepatitis B prior to the commencement of residency are limited. METHODS: This qualitative study used focus group interviews to elucidate why medical students do not undergo vaccination. A total of three groups were identified and interviewed: group A (two men, three women), group B (two men, two women), group C (three men, ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Mumps published 2 June 2008:

Long-Term Persistence of Mumps Antibody after Receipt of 2 Measles-Mumps-Rubella (MMR) Vaccinations and Antibody Response after a Third MMR Vaccination among a University Population.   J Infect Dis, 197(12): 1662-1668.

Background. @nbsp; High attack rates among vaccinated young adults reported during the 2006 mumps outbreak in the United States heightened concerns regarding mumps vaccine failure. Methods. @nbsp; Serum specimens from university students and staff were tested for mumps immunoglobulin (Ig) G by enzyme immunoassay (EIA). A subset of participants vaccinated for </=5 years and >/=15 years were tested by neutralizing antibody (NA) assay. Persons seronegative by EIA were offered a third dose of ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Immune responses to mumps vaccine in adults who were vaccinated in childhood.   J Infect Dis, 197(12): 1669-75.

Background. @nbsp; In a mumps outbreak in the United States, many infected individuals were adults who had received 2 doses of mumps vaccine. The persistence of cellular immunity to mumps vaccine has not been defined. Methods. @nbsp; This was an observational, nonrandomized cohort study evaluating cell-mediated and humoral immunity to mumps in 10 vaccinated and 10 naturally immune adults. Mumps-specific T cell activation and interferon (IFN)-gamma production were measured using ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Structure of the nucleocapsid-binding domain from the mumps virus polymerase; an example of protein folding induced by crystallization.   J Mol Biol, 379(4): 719-31.

The human pathogen mumps virus, like all paramyxoviruses, encodes a polymerase responsible for virally directed RNA synthesis. The template for the polymerase is the nucleocapsid, a filamentous protein-RNA complex harboring the viral genome. Interaction of the polymerase and the nucleocapsid is mediated by a small domain tethered to the end of the phosphoprotein (P), one of the polymerase subunits. We report the X-ray crystal structure of this region of mumps virus P (the nucleocapsid-binding ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Mumps published 29 May 2008:

Variability of hemagglutinin-neuraminidase and nucleocapsid protein of vaccine and wild-type mumps virus strains.   Infect Genet Evol.

The mumps virus (MuV) molecular evolution is characterized by the co-circulation of numerous distinct strains. Standardized phylogenetic analyses based on the nucleotide sequences of the SH gene are important for mumps surveillance, but lack the information regarding antigenic properties. So far, the location of antigenic epitopes has been determined for two MuV proteins, the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) and the nucleocapsid (N) protein. We performed multiple sequence comparisons of ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Mumps published 26 May 2008:

Differential mechanisms of complement-mediated neutralization of the closely related paramyxoviruses simian virus 5 and mumps virus.   Virology, 376(1): 112-23.

The complement system is an important component of the innate immune response to virus infection. The role of human complement pathways in the in vitro neutralization of three closely related paramyxoviruses, Simian Virus 5 (SV5), Mumps virus (MuV) and Human Parainfluenza virus type 2 (HPIV2) was investigated. Sera from ten donors showed high levels of neutralization against HPIV2 that was largely complement-independent, whereas nine of ten donor sera were found to neutralize SV5 and MuV only ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

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